26 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
The objective of this study is to assess whether intake of baked and then chilled potatoes over a 24-h period, compared to intake of isocaloric, carbohydrate (CHO)-matched foods low in fiber and resistant starch (RS), will increase insulin sensitivity, breath hydrogen and satiety, and decrease hunger and free fatty acid (FFA) levels in overweight or obese men and women at risk for metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus.
White potatoes have recently been allowed back in the cash value voucher of the government food stamp program after it was stated that there were no known adverse health effects of potatoes. However, the association of potatoes with heart health, especially elevated blood pressure is not known. This study will examine the effects of potatoes on blood pressure in different populations of adults and children, and assess, in a feeding trial, the effects of an additional serving of potatoes per day on the possible mechanisms that link potatoes to high blood pressure. The investigators will also analyze the intake of potatoes in participants of the government food stamp program.
This study is designed to compare the effect of sources of potassium on uptake and the effect of potassium on blood pressure.
Cognitive impairment is also a major risk factor for development of dementia later in life. Findings from the investigators studies suggest that the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin may be important in cognitive function in the elderly. Avocados are a source of these carotenoids. The investigators study evaluates long-term avocado intervention as a treatment strategy for age-related cognitive impairment which could possibly prevent the onset of dementia. The investigators have also shown that lutein supplementation significantly improved verbal fluency scores in healthy older women. Based on these findings, the next logical step will be to investigate the ability of lutein and zeaxanthin contained in avocados to influence cognitive function in older adults. The investigators hypothesize that there will be a significant increase in cognitive function measures in older adults provided with meals containing 1 avocado/day at the end of 6 months, while no significant improvements will be observed in older adults given daily meals containing chickpeas and/or potatoes. The proposed study is designed as a randomized, placebo controlled trial that tests the effects of 6 month supplementation with 1 avocado/day on cognitive function in older adults. Secondary analyses will determine whether baseline macular pigment (lutein in retina which canbe measured non invasivley) density predicts relative effectiveness of the intervention on cognitive function. Secondary outcomes include plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation.
The purpose of this study is to test whether diets that contain potatoes and differ in glycemic index/load will be useful in weight loss, blood sugar control and maintaining current body weight.
The goal of this clinical trial is to is to determine the effects of baked potato with the skin (BP) + nutrition education focused on adherence for a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern (MEDNE) on glycemic control, cardiometabolic health, and dietary quality in individuals with pre-diabetes from different demographic backgrounds. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does BP+MEDNE contribute to improvements in indices of glycemic control, vascular function, blood lipids, inflammation/oxidative stress, and body composition? * Does BP+MEDNE contribute to improvements to overall dietary intake and quality? Researchers will compare BP+MEDNE to MEDNE alone to see if BP+MEDNE can improve glycemic control, cardiometabolic health, and dietary quality in individuals with pre-diabetes from different demographic backgrounds. Participants will: * Be asked to come to the study site initially for a Screening Study Visit to confirm eligibility. * Be asked to come the study site for a Pre-Baseline and Pre-12-Week Study Visit (one week prior to Baseline and 12-Week Study Visits) for placement of placement of a continuous glucose monitor and wearable devices to be removed at Baseline and 12-Week Study Visits. * Be asked to come to the study site for Baseline, 6- and 12-Week Study Visits for assessments of glycemic control and cardiometabolic health. * Be asked to complete 3-Day Food Records throughout the 12 week study period for assessment of dietary quality (5 total) * Receive pre-recorded MEDNE ( which can be accessed via computer device/ipad/smartphone) after Baseline and 6-Week Study Visits. * If randomized to the BP+MEDNE group, participants will receive pre-prepared baked potatoes with the skin for the 12-week study period (every 3 weeks) at Baseline and 6-Week Study Visits and asked to come to the study site for picking up the pre-prepared baked potatoes at weeks 3 and 9 of the study period.
The study will evaluate the safety and early efficacy of administering the combination of a commercially available potato-based resistant starch along with iron chelation therapy to subjects undergoing alloHCT.
This research is studying how a food product (resistant potato starch) which is a dietary supplement made from potato starch affects the gut bacteria of people with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy. The researchers in this study want to understand how potato starch works in the subject's body and how the body will react to it. Along with taking the study product participants health-related information and stool will be collected for this research study.
Gulf War Illness (GWI) affects an estimated 25-32% of the over 700,000 coalition troops deployed to the Persian Gulf as part of the First Gulf War. GWI causes a range of pain, fatigue, gastrointestinal, skin, neurologic, and respiratory symptoms. New treatments to reduce GWI-associated morbidity are critically needed. Research suggests a role for the gastrointestinal microbiome in mediating health, including through impacting metabolism and immunity. The disruption of this microbiome plays a role in multiple diseases, and preliminary data suggest that Veterans with GWI have altered gut microbiota. The investigators will evaluate the effectiveness of a dietary fiber prebiotic supplement intervention on improving the quality of life of Veterans with GWI.
This study will be a randomized controlled intervention study that will collect pre-intervention and post-intervention anthropometric health data of men and women aged 18-65 years who have type 2 diabetes and who do not have type 2 diabetes. The information collected will be analyzed and used to compare to the post intervention. 12 participants who have type 2 diabetes and 12 participants who do not have type 2 diabetes will be randomized into either the DASH-FP (fried potatoes), DASH-NFP (non-fried potatoes) or DASH-NP (no potatoes) groups, stratifying by sex (male or female) and age range (18 to less than 35, 35 to less than 66 years old) in blocks of three.
The investigators are examining the effects of potato consumption on indices of glycemic control and cardiovascular health in overweight and obese individuals with type two diabetes mellitus (T2D) to provide feasible and effective dietary ways for individuals to enhance their quality of life. The overall objective of this crossover study is to collect data regarding the effects of potato consumption on indices of glycemic control and cardiovascular health among overweight and obese individuals with T2D. The central hypothesis of this crossover study is that the daily consumption of 100 g white potato for 12 weeks will contribute to improvements in glycemic control, reductions in inflammation, and improvements in blood lipids and vascular function in overweight and obese individuals with T2D compared to a macronutrient-matched refined grain (75 g cooked long-grain white rice) for 12 weeks (with a 2 week washout period between interventions). Specific Aim) The assessment of blood glucose control, vascular function, body composition and overall cardiovascular risk after consumption of potatoes (100g/d for 12 weeks) in individuals with T2D compared to a calorie matched refined grain at the initial baseline visit as well as the 6-, and 12-week study visits (for each 12-week intervention period). This aim will assess changed in blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β as well as the following: 1. blood pressure (BP) 2. markers of endothelial function \[flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and endothelin-1 (ET-1)\] 3. markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein) 4. body composition via bioelectrical impedance (BIA), lean mass and fat mass assessment 5. lipid profiles, consisting of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL). Atherogenic risk ratios (TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, HDL-C/LDL-C) will also be assessed 6. anthropometrics \[weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WC/HC)\]
The potato is a nutritious food that comprises approximately 30% of total vegetable intake in the United States (US). Consumption of pulses in the US is low but its contribution to health is frequently promoted. However, in the US diet, potatoes contribute as much dietary fiber, far more potassium, and a host of similar nutrients as pulses. When prepared to enhance its slowly digested starch content, potatoes produce a moderate glycemic response. In encouraging a shift towards plant-based foods and sustainable diets, the potato can partially replace meat in meat dishes to enhance the overall quality of the diet and reduce meat intake to recommended levels.
This study is focused on assessing potential health benefits of daily consumption of potatoes, specifically its resistant starch content (i.e. nondigestible carbohydrate), on blood vessel and gut health function in adults with metabolic syndrome. It is expected that the daily consumption of potatoes for two weeks, within a diet that follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, will improve blood vessel function in association with decreasing gut permeability ("leaky gut") that results in the absorption of bacterial toxins that reside in the intestine. Outcomes will therefore support dietary recommendations for potatoes to support vascular and gastrointestinal health.
A randomized, clinical trial will be performed to assess changes in body weight and fat mass with daily potato consumption versus a calorie-matched snack of almonds.
A 2-period randomized cross-over trial will be conducted to determine the effect of incorporating 1 medium size potato, compared to an isocaloric portion of refined grains, on fasting glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, lipids and lipoproteins, arterial stiffness, body weight, gut microbiome, and dietary intake.
Resistant starch (RS) is a type of fiber that has unique digestive properties that can impact overall health including glucose homeostasis and satiety. RS found in potatoes can be increased by using certain cooking methods and serving temperatures. The purpose of this trial will compare the acute glycemic and satiety responses after consuming potatoes differing in RS content that are 1) baked then chilled or 2) boiled and consumed hot in overweight females on two separate occasions.
This research study evaluates the feasibility and appropriateness of potatoes as an ergogenic aid in comparison to the currently promoted sports gels during a cycling challenge and time trial. Using a crossover design, trained cyclists will complete three separate cycling challenges and subsequent time trials in which they will consume either potatoes, commercially available sports gels, or water only.
Assess the impact of high antioxidant potato products on postprandial glycemic response and subsequent appetite and food intake.
This study is designed to compare the effect of different dietary potassium sources on uptake and retention of potassium, as well as to determine the effect of potassium intake on blood pressure and acid-base balance. The study will compare three different sources of potassium given as a supplement, potatoes or French fries.
Primary objective is to determine the bioavailability of and characterize the kinetic profile of target polyphenol metabolites of potatoes over 6 hour postprandial period. Secondary objective is to assess the influence of potatoes' bioavailability and kinetic profiles on markers of chronic diseases.
The primary physiological impacts of fiber intake include the gastrointestinal effects of stool bulking, increased stool frequency and decreased gastrointestinal transit time (GTT). Fermentation of resistant starches by microbiota increases bacterial numbers, which increases fecal bulk and may impact frequency and transit time. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of resistant potato starches (potato fiber) on stool frequency, transit time and microbiota in healthy individuals.
The investigators hypothesize that consumption of potatoes is a healthy adjunct to lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese glucose intolerant adults. We will evaluate the effects of the consumption of potatoes (high or low resistant starch) vs. commonly consumed carbohydrate sources on glucose tolerance; and ( the extent to which potato consumption alters markers of lipid metabolism and inflammation in the context of a lifestyle intervention program.
The study is being conducted to evaluate whether African potato, an herbal medicine, can be used together with anti-HIV medicines without affecting the amounts of the anti-HIV medicines in the blood. African potato is an African herbal medicine widely used in Africa, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Although it has not been proven, it is believed to help boost the immune system. Similar studies have been done on herbal medicines especially those that are used in developing countries. In some cases, the herbal treatments can affect the blood levels of other medicines when the medicines are used together. This study will measure the effect of African potato on lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra®), a common anti-HIV medicine. Lopinavir/ritonavir is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The information obtained from this study will tell us if African potato and anti-HIV treatments can be used together to treat HIV infected patients in Africa and other resource poor regions.
The study team is studying how increasing dietary fiber, specifically through adding potato starch to participant's diet, may impact the species of bacteria in participant's gut microbiome. The study team also wants to understand if adding potato starch to participant's diet helps these bacteria make more short chain fatty acids, a byproduct the team thinks may benefit participant's health.
Clostridium difficile causes \~453,000 infections and \~29,300 deaths per year in the US, making it the most common hospital acquired infection in the country. C. difficile is an anaerobic bacterium that has the capacity to inhabit the colon of humans and other mammals. Initially thought to be a commensal, it was later found to be associated with antibiotic induced enterocolitis. Since then, it has gradually become one of the most important healthcare associated pathogens. C. difficile infection (CDI) causes colitis, which is inflammation of the colonic mucosa with a spectrum of severity from mild to more protracted diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, toxic megacolon, sepsis, and in some instances death. Mortality occurs despite the existence of three antibiotic options. CDI is also associated with higher hospital readmission rates, and associated healthcare costs in the US are estimated at 4.8 billion dollars annually. Due to the significance of C. difficile in healthcare, hospital level C. difficile rates are publically reported and closely scrutinized by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid. Standard infection control bundles are proving to be insufficient for controlling the national C. difficile problem. Better understanding of the biological steps preceding clinical infection and reversal of the underlying gut dysbiosis will allow us to curtail our C. difficile epidemic. The present study aims to manipulate the gut microbiota to halt the biological progression of C. difficile. CDI is a serious problem in hematology-oncology patients. The incidence of CDI in the hematology-oncology population is much higher than in other populations and hematology-oncology inpatient units frequently have the highest incidence of CDI cases within an institution. Additionally, hematology-oncology patients have high rates of C. difficile colonization upon hospitalization and more than 50% of patients detected with C. difficile colonization before bone marrow transplantation end up diagnosed with hospital associated CDI. This finding is not trivial as CDI treatment with oral vancomycin causes major and prolonged perturbations of their intestinal microbiota, which has been associated with higher mortality. In addition to the usual complications of CDI, a higher incidence of graft-versus-host-disease has been described in patients with CDI.
This cluster randomized controlled trial will test the effect of the promotion of vitamin A-rich orange flesh sweet potato (OFSP) production and nutrition education on vitamin A and energy intake, including any added value of the Healthy Baby Toolkit.