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This study aims to evaluate the influence of acute oral melatonin supplementation on cardiovascular and skin temperature responses to mental stress. The hypothesis is that acute melatonin will lead to reduced cardiovascular and skin temperature responsiveness to acute mental stress.
The purpose of this research is to measure the acceptance of a resistance breathing intervention and to assess whether it produces physiological and subjective effects in a laboratory setting.
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of regular cannabidiol (CBD) use on the psychobiological mechanisms of the stress response. This will be achieved by comparing acute stress responses of adults who either use or do not use CBD regularly. Correlates of CBD use, including tobacco use, will be collected.
The overarching goal of this study is to develop and examine the feasibility of a music-listening intervention that can be deployed in "real time" to regulate emotions and reduce momentary stress among young adults within the first 12 months of recovery from alcohol use disorder. We design the study with two phases to address three aims: Phase I includes the first two aims. For Aim 1, we will conduct formative research with a sample of young adults (N = 30) who have are within 12 months of recovery to identify features of music selections that are most effective in reducing momentary stress in real-world, ambulatory settings. For Aim 2, we will focus on developing mobile health technology that uses passive sensing and machine learning to automatically predict moments of heightened stress in real-time and suggest specific musical selections when stress is detected. During Phase II (Aim 3), we will test the feasibility of a novel music-listening intervention among a second unique sample of young adults who are within 12 months of recovery from AUD (N = 30). This protocol refers only to Phase I of the larger study, which focuses on observing music listening preferences and physiological and mental stress among people in early recovery from alcohol use disorder.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of doses of cannabidiol (CBD) during exposure to stress and nicotine withdrawal in nicotine users. The main objectives of the study include examining the effect CBD has on stress, tobacco dependence, tobacco withdrawal, and sex differences between these types of stress. Participants will be administered CBD and exposed to stress. Biological and subjective measures will be collected. Participants may be asked to stop use for 24 hours. Researchers will also investigate withdrawal effects between participants who have not smoked nicotine in 24 hours and those who have continued to smoke before each session.
The objective of this proposal is to determine whether heightened negative affective responsivity (NA-R) to daily stressors is related to blunted nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) in working age adults and the extent to which this association is impacted by major depressive disorder (MDD).
Stress and a parental history of major depressive disorder (MDD) are among the strongest risk factors for future development of MDD. Studies have shown that having a parental history of MDD may be associated with behavioral, psychophysiological, and hormonal responses to stress that are associated with poorer stress coping. . Adolescence is a vulnerable developmental window linked to increased MDD risk, especially for females, as rates of MDD surge relative to males. Despite the central role of stress in MDD onset, little is known about the brain mechanisms underlying stress responses in susceptible female adolescents at high familial risk for MDD. Also, it is unclear how stress-related brain network alterations may relate to "real-world" maladaptive stress responses and whether these stress-related brain network changes are predictive of future depression onset. We will fulfill these research gaps by combining neuroimaging with intensive longitudinal tracking of depressive symptomology as well as behavioral and physiological responses to "real world" stress using smartphone and smartwatch technology. Elucidating these neural mechanisms may aid in the discovery of MDD biomarkers that could identify youth at greatest risk for future MDD development and lead to earlier intervention efforts.
Women living with HIV have 2-4x higher risk for cardiovascular disease compared to women without HIV, with women living with HIV in the Southern US being particularly at risk. While an increased prevalence of traditional risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, and obesity) partially explain this risk, evidence suggests that increased exposure to structural and social stressors (e.g., poverty, discrimination, and stigma) among women living with HIV in the South negatively contribute to cardiovascular disease disparities through their impact on stress. The Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART) program is an effective, evidence-based intervention proven to improve resiliency to environmental stressors and reduce the physiologic responses to stress which contribute to cardiovascular disease. While the SMART program has demonstrated efficacy in a wide range of populations and settings, it has not been designed for or tested among women living with HIV in the South, where unique cultural and faith-based context may diminish the uptake and value of the intervention to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk. The purpose of this study is to adapt the evidence-based SMART program in consideration of the needs and contexts of women living with HIV in the Southern US and pilot the adapted intervention to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of the adapted intervention to reduce stress and mitigate cardiovascular disease risk among this population.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of two proprietary ashwagandha extracts on stress levels, with secondary outcomes of cognition, energy, and sleep, as compared to a placebo.
This is a basic human experimental study utilizing 4 groups of individuals with and without HIV and complex morbidities of cannabis use disorder and major depression who will participate in 2 sessions of the Yale Pain Stress Task (YPST) and follow-up phase to assess drug use and mood symptoms.