TRAIL Study: Feasibility and Pilot

Eligibility Criteria

• * Participants must be ≥18 years of age.
• * Participants must be able and willing to provide informed consent or have a surrogate capable of providing same.
• * Participants must be absent of symptoms referable to the nodule: dysphagia or nodule physically visible and/or bothersome to patient.
• * Participants' thyroid nodule must have a TI-RADS rating of 4 or 5.
• * Participants thyroid nodule must be ≤2 cm in largest diameter.
• * Participants must be being considered for biopsy.
• * Participants with a prior history of papillary thyroid cancer are eligible.
• * Adults who are unable to provide informed consent.
• * Patients for whom biopsy is not a consideration.
• * Patients with a prior history of thyroid cancer other than papillary thyroid cancer.
• * Patients with a history of radiation to the neck.
• * Patients who are athyroidal (thyroid gland has been removed or patient has only lingual thyroid tissue).
• * Patients who have ultrasound evidence of one or more of the following:
• * Airway invasion of the nodule.
• * Nodule adjacency to/invading the recurrent nerve.
• * Extra-thyroidal invasion by the nodule.
• * Patients who have metastasis to cervical lymph nodes (confirmed by needle biopsy if ultrasound suspicious), distant metastases, if identified) testing not required, not usual care)
• * Patients who have already had a biopsy of the nodule being considered for inclusion in the study.
• * Participants must meet the eligibility requirements above and will be or have been approached about enrolling in the pilot study.
• * Participants must be willing to allow audio recorder presence and / or willing to be interviewed by the QRI team.
• * Staff must be willing to audio record their communications with patients about enrolling in the study.
• * Staff must be willing to participate in interviews with QRI team about their views of the study.