393 Clinical Trials for Various Conditions
Background: Oncocytic (Hurthle cell) thyroid cancer (HTC) is a rare disease with few treatment options. Researchers are developing a radioactive drug that targets a protein that appears in high numbers on HTC cancer cells. Objective: To test a radioactive drug (177LuDOTA-EB-TATE) in people with HTC. Eligibility: People aged 18 years and older with HTC. The HTC must have failed to respond to conventional radioactive treatment; it must also have spread to other parts of the body. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have a physical exam with blood tests. They will have imaging scans and a test of their heart function. 177LuDOTA-EB-TATE is infused into a vein. Participants will receive 4 infusions spaced 8 to 12 weeks apart. They will stay in the hospital for 4 to 10 days after each infusion. During and after each infusion, participants will remain in a lead-lined room until their radiation levels go down; this usually takes about 24 hours. Participants will have 4 to 6 follow-up visits in the weeks after each infusion. Procedures will vary at each visit, but may include more imaging scans; blood and urine tests; and tests of heart function. Participants will have 2 single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scans. SPECT scans show where the study drug is sticking to tumors or maybe other parts of their body. They will lie on a table while a machine rotates around them. Participants will fill in questionnaires about how their thyroid condition affects their life. Participants will have follow-ups visits for 5 years after their last study treatment.
Thyroid Cancer
The goal of this study is to learn if a decision aid (DA) website helps people with thyroid cancer make informed decisions about radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Does the decision aid help participants understand the risks and benefits of RAI treatment? - Does it help participants make choices that reflect what matters most to them? - How does the decision aid compare to usual care in supporting patients through this decision? Participants who have been recently diagnosed with intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will receive a special decision aid website. This site includes detailed information about RAI, short videos, drop-down menus with extra details, exercises to help clarify values, and tools to help patients prepare questions for their doctor. The other group will receive the American Cancer Society (ACS) website. This site gives basic information about RAI but does not include interactive tools and is not specific to intermediate-risk thyroid cancer. Follow up surveys will be sent to the participants periodically, first at the start of the study, and again at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 6 months later. Researchers will compare how the two groups differ in making informed decisions. The decision aid is meant to support, not replace, a conversation with the medical team. Doctor recommendations remain an important part of treatment decisions.
Thyroid Cancer
Persons diagnosed with thyroid cancer are often treated initially with a thyroidectomy, which is followed by ablation using Iodine-131, a therapy which has been shown to be effective and safe. Imaging of metastatic thyroid cancer has been performed with whole body I-131 and Iodine 123 (I-123) imaging for many decades and use I-123 for staging studies. Iodine 124 (I-124) is a radioisotope of iodine which emits a positron and is imaged using PET (positron emission tomography). This is a single arm prospective trial that evaluates the ability of Iodine-124 (I-124) to detect metastatic thyroid cancer compared to non-interventional, usual care I-123 and I-131 images.
Thyroid Cancer
This phase II trial tests how well XL092 works for the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer that has not responded to previous treatment with radioiodine (radioiodine refractory) and that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced) or that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). XL092 is in a class of medications called tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It works by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply, which may help keep cancer cells from growing.
Locally Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Locally Advanced Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Locally Advanced Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Locally Advanced Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Carcinoma, Locally Advanced Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Metastatic Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Metastatic Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Carcinoma, Metastatic Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Refractory Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Refractory Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Refractory Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Carcinoma, Refractory Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Stage III Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage III Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage III Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage IV Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage IV Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma AJCC v8, Stage IV Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma AJCC v8
To look at the effectiveness of zanzalintinib, followed by surgery, in treating advanced thyroid cancer. The safety of this treatment will also be studied.
Neoadjuvant Treatment, Thyroid Cancer
This multicenter study examines the safety and feasibility of the combination of neoadjuvant XL092 and cemiplimab prior to surgical resection in participants with wild-type (WT) anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) that has a BRAF mutation (BRAF V600E).
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, Thyroid Cancer, BRAF Mutation-Related Tumors
The goal of this clinical research study is to learn about the barriers in the real world to accessing treatments for ATC. And to learn about how patients with ATC tolerate and respond to the commercially available medications for treatment of this disease, outside of a clinical study.
Thyroid Cancer
This phase III trial compares the effect of cabozantinib versus combination dabrafenib and trametinib for the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer that does not respond to treatment (refractory) and which expresses a BRAF V600E mutation. Cabozantinib is in a class of medications called receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It binds to and blocks the action of several enzymes which are often over-expressed in a variety of tumor cell types. This may help stop or slow the growth of tumor cells and blood vessels the tumor needs to survive. Dabrafenib is an enzyme inhibitor that binds to and inhibits the activity of a protein called B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. Trametinib is also an enzyme inhibitor. It binds to and inhibits the activity of proteins called MEK 1 and 2, which play a key role in activating pathways that regulate cell growth. This may inhibit the growth of tumor cells mediated by these pathways. The usual approach for patients with thyroid cancer is targeted therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib. This trial may help researchers decide which treatment option (cabozantinib alone or dabrafenib in combination with trametinib) is safer and/or more effective in treating patients with refractory BRAF V600E-mutated differentiated thyroid cancer.
Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common form of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The traditional first line treatment for patients with advanced DTC after surgical resection is radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. However, less than a quarter of patients with lung metastases will achieve a complete response to RAI therapy, and this therapy carries the risk of pulmonary fibrosis and an increasingly recognized risk of secondary malignancies.
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Pediatric Cancer, Cancer, Cancer, Thyroid
The objective of this study is to demonstrate the clinical utility of I-124 PET/CT imaging and dosimetry in patients with thyroid cancer including 1) Evaluation of extent (volume and pattern) of remnant tissue in post total thyroidectomy setting and distinction of nodal metastases vs remnant tissue for determination of indication for RAI ablation, 2) Evaluation of response to RAI remnant ablation, 3) Evaluation for suspected occult recurrent/metastatic disease, 4) Evaluation of extent of disease in patients with known metastatic disease and 5) Evaluation of RAI avidity of recurrent/metastatic thyroid cancer and response to treatment with thyroid kinase inhibitors (TKI). Patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancers are studied. Patients who are newly diagnosed, as well as those who have known or suspected to have recurrent or metastatic disease are eligible. Patients receiving TKI treatment are eligible for evaluation prior to and after the treatment. The patients who are considered for TKI/MAPK treatments undergo pre and post treatment with clinically determined oncoprotein/TKR therapeutic agent(s), including multi-TKI, selective BRAF, MEK, PI3K or ERK inhibitors or combination treatments.
Thyroid Cancer, RAI-Refractory Thyroid Cancer
This study is a retrospective study trying to find the predictive factors for medullary thyroid aggressiveness in terms of tumor metastasis and patients' survival.
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Ideal surgical extent for differentiated thyroid cancer remains unclear. Routine use of molecular analysis in biopsy-proven thyroid cancer could provide important prognostic information to help guide extent of surgery - thyroid lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy. This is a pilot feasibility study for the use of routine molecular analysis in Bethesda V and VI thyroid cancers, with randomization of the intermediate-molecular risk subgroup to thyroid lobectomy and total thyroidectomy. The investigators hypothesize that patients will 1) agree to preoperative molecular analysis, and 2) 50% of intermediate-risk patients will agree to and follow through with randomization. This will be a pilot study for a future randomized controlled trial (RTC) to compare between the two surgical approaches in intermediate-molecular risk thyroid cancer.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Clinical studies, with a distinct emphasis on medullary thyroid cancer, play a pivotal role in evaluating the safety and effectiveness of novel treatments for this condition. These trials serve as essential tools to determine whether new medications surpass conventional therapies, providing substantial evidence to endorse their broader adoption. The primary objective is to meticulously examine trial completion rates and voluntary withdrawals within this specific patient group. By actively participating in this observational study plays a critical role in pushing medical knowledge forward and advancing care for individuals suffering from the medullary thyroid cancer.
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
The study will include 50 patients newly diagnosed with low-risk thyroid cancer ranging from 18-80 years of age. After scheduling their surgeon visit, the investigators will enroll patients and measure their intended treatment choice, baseline awareness of the three treatment options, expected outcomes, self-efficacy, and activation. The participants will then be randomized 1:1 and deliver the CQUPLE intervention to the intervention group. The control group will receive usual care, which involves providing no disease or treatment specific information outside the surgeon visit. The study team will repeat all measures prior to the surgical consult and after the surgical consult. The study team will record the patients' actual treatment choice after the consult.
Thyroid Cancer
The researchers are doing this study to find out if the combination of avutometinib and defactinib is an effective treatment for RAF dimer-driven radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer or anaplastic thyroid cancer. The researchers will also test whether avutometinib and defactinib is a safe treatment that causes few or mild side effects.
Thyroid Cancer
The association of radioiodine therapy for the treatment of thyroid cancer with nasolacrimal duct obstruction has been well documented in the medical literature. Prior case reports have documented radioactive iodine detection in the tears of patients following radioiodine therapy. It is possible that radioactive uptake by the cells in the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct lead to inflammation, fibrosis, and obstruction of the tear duct over time. A recent study has shown that the administration of artificial tears decreases the level of detectable radioiodine in the tears of patients undergoing radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study will be to assess whether administering tears after radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer decreases the incidence of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in the two years following radioactive iodine treatment.
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction, Thyroid Cancer
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common form of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The traditional first line treatment for patients with advanced DTC after surgical resection is radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. However, less than a quarter of patients with lung metastases will achieve a complete response to RAI therapy, and this therapy carries the risk of pulmonary fibrosis and an increasingly recognized risk of secondary malignancies.
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Pediatric Cancer, Cancer, Cancer, Thyroid
The purpose of this study to learn more about the use of redifferentiating medications as a standard treatment for radioactive iodine/RAI-refractory thyroid cancer. This study is a registry study.
Thyroid Cancer, Thyroid, Refractory Thyroid Cancer
This phase II study evaluates F-18 tetrafluoroborate (18F-TFB) PET/CT scan in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Diagnostic imaging is necessary for planning treatment, monitoring therapy response, and identifying sites of recurrent or metastatic disease in differentiated thyroid cancer. 18F-TFB PET/CT may accurately detect recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancer lesions, with the potential to provide information for patient management that is better than the current standard of care imaging practices.
Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma
This phase II trial tests whether vudalimab works to shrink tumors in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer or hurthle cell thyroid cancer that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced) or has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as vudalimab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.
Locally Advanced Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma, Metastatic Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma, Metastatic Thyroid Gland Oncocytic Carcinoma
Thyroid cancer incidence has been steadily increasing and has nearly tripled since the 1970's in the US and worldwide. Early detection of small, papillary thyroid cancers using high quality diagnostic imaging explains only about 50% of this increased incidence, suggesting that there is a true increase in the occurrence of thyroid cancer and that changes in the prevalence of environmental risk factors might play a role in thyroid cancer etiology and progression. Yet, the cascade of environmental triggers linked to thyroid cancer remains elusive. 'Exposomics' studies all health relevant chemical exposures that an individual experiences, and leverages metabolomic platforms to estimate the "internal" environment, informing both exogenous exposures and the metabolic products that lead to, or arise from, disease. Besides exposure to ionizing radiation as known modifiable risk factor, epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals may be a potential thyroid cancer risk factor due to their known effects on thyroid function. However, these studies relied either on exposure questionnaires which are susceptible to recall bias, or used a limited set of targeted biomarkers measured after diagnosis for testing associations with case-control status, and not thyroid cancer prognosis. Further, the molecular basis for observed associations with thyroid cancer remains unclear. To address the overall hypothesis that environmental exposures alter metabolic pathways and therefore affect thyroid cancer prognosis, small amounts of blood will be collected using dried blood microsampler technology (e.g. Mitra® sampling devices), which is minimally invasive and can be used to collect repeated blood measurements at home, without the need for specialized training. These dried blood samples will be used to perform metabolomics experiments, which describe the sum of exogenous exposures, metabolic alterations, and biological response. Additional exposure assessment will be performed using an exposure questionnaire. These results will be associated with thyroid cancer prognosis, e.g. disease-specific survival, disease recurrence, and mutational profiles, thus investigating the role of environmental exposures in the development of more aggressive forms of thyroid cancer.
Thyroid Cancer
118 adults with benign thyroid nodules who were seen at a UW Health clinic for a fine needle biopsy and do not need surgery will be enrolled and can expect to be on study for a one-time visit of up to 60 minutes. Each participant will be randomized to watch one of two videos simulating a patient-surgeon discussion about treatment options for low-risk thyroid cancer with or without emotionally supportive statements.
Thyroid Cancer, Thyroid Nodule, Benign Thyroid Nodule
This is a single-arm, open-label trial designed to evaluate the activity of pembrolizumab therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer in patients with no curative alternative therapy. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda-Merck) 200 mg, given IV every 3 weeks, until evidence of progression, intolerance of treatment, withdrawal of consent or death
Thyroid Cancer
This is an open label, single center, phase 2 trial of adjuvant pembrolizumab after external beam radiation to the primary tumor in patients with stage IVB (disease localized to the neck) ATC. This drug trial will estimate the median progression-free survival (PFS) (from the start of adjuvant pembrolizumab until locoregional progression, development of distant metastatic disease, or death) in stage IVB ATC patients with gross disease, treated with external beam radiation (+/- concomitant chemotherapy) followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab. Patients will be patients enrolled from cohort 1 and 2 (cohort 1: ≥51 Gy; cohort 2: ≤50 Gy).
Thyroid
150 adults patients with locally advanced or metastatic BRAFV600E mutation-positive, differentiated thyroid carcinoma who are refractory to radioactive iodine and have progressed following prior VEGFR targeted therapy will enter in the trial. Patients will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either dabrafenib plus trametinib or placebo. Patients will be stratified by number of prior VEGFR targeted therapy (1versus2) and prior lenvatinib treatment (yes versus no)
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Background: About 5% to 10% of differentiated thyroid cancers become resistant to standard treatment with radioactive iodine. In these cases, treatment options are limited and generally not effective. Researchers want to see if they can better detect thyroid tumors by using a compound called 68Gallium-DOTATATE. This compound may bind to a tumor and make it visible during a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. This information might help guide future research and treatment. Objective: To identify the people with thyroid cancer whose tumors have a high uptake of 68Gallium-DOTATATE as analyzed by imaging with PET/CT. Eligibility: People ages 18 years and older with thyroid cancer that has spread outside of the thyroid. Design: Participants will have a medical exam. They will give blood and urine samples. Some samples will be used for research. Participants will have imaging scans that follow standard of care. These scans may include: CT scan of the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis Bone scan Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, spine, or liver 18-FDG-PET/CT as needed Participants will have a PET/CT scan. They will get an intravenous (IV) line. They will get an IV injection of 68Gallium-DOTATATE. It contains radioactive tracers. The PET/CT scanner is shaped like a large donut. It contains crystals. The crystals pick up small radiation signals that are given off by the tracers. The CT part of the scan uses low-dose x-rays. The pictures made by the scanner show where the tracers are in the body. The session will last 90 minutes. Participation will last for about 3 months.
Metastic Thyroid Cancer
The goal of this study is to evaluate combined radioactive iodine (RAI, 131-I) and external beam radiotherapy (XRT) to optimize the radiation dose delivered to treat well differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) with iodine-avid metastases. The investigators hypothesize that precise dosimetric planning will permit this combined RAI-XRT radiotherapeutic approach to be safe and permit higher tumor radiation doses than could otherwise be delivered. Patients with metastatic well-differentiated DTC) that is not completely resectable with macroscopic invasion of tumor into cervical soft tissues and/or non-resectable distant metastases, are the target study population. The primary objective is to evaluate safety as defined by the incidence of maximum grade 3 or greater NCI CTCAE toxicity observed during the treatment period and for the first 30 days following completion of radiotherapy. Secondary endpoints will evaluate efficacy at 6 months and feasibility of this combination to deliver a minimum cumulative dose of 80 Gy to the index tumors selected prior to treatment initiation. The investigators plan to enroll 48 subjects at an accrual rate of 1 subject per month over a study duration of 4 years.
Recurrent Thyroid Cancer
This phase II trial studies the effect of selpercatinib given before surgery in treating patients with thyroid cancer whose tumors have RET alterations (changes in the genetic material \[deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)\]). Selpercatinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving selpercatinib before surgery may help shrink the tumors and help control the disease.
Malignant Thyroid Gland Neoplasm, Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Recurrent Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This study is being done to help researchers learn more about and successfully diagnose cancer using blood samples and tissue samples from surgeries in patients with suspicious thyroid nodules or thyroid cancer. Diagnosing cancer in this way, as opposed to biopsies, may be less invasive to the patient. Analyzing blood and tissues samples may also help researchers to differentiate non-cancerous tumors from thyroid cancer and detect high-risk mutations to guide treatment.
Thyroid Gland Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Nodule
This phase II trial studies the effect of pembrolizumab, dabrafenib, and trametinib before surgery in treating patients with BRAF V600E-mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer. BRAF V600E is a specific mutation (change) in the BRAF gene, which makes a protein that is involved in sending signals in cells and in cell growth. It may increase the growth and spread of tumor cells. Dabrafenib and trametinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Pembrolizumab, dabrafenib, and trametinib may help to control BRAF V600E-mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer when given before surgery.
Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma